HIGHLANDS RANCH - ThunderRidge High School
9/28/2011 to 1/11/2013
LOCATION DETAILS |
Latitude: |
N 39° 32.029’ or N 39° 32’ 1.74" |
Longitude: |
W 105° 0.644’ or W 105° 0’ 38.64" |
Survey Meridian: |
Colorado, Sixth Principal Meridian |
Township: |
6 S |
Range: |
68 W |
Section: |
9 |
Elevation: |
5,725 feet (1,745 m) |
Datum: |
WGS 84 |
Tower Type: |
A light pole |
Tower Height: |
10.5 m (34.58 feet) |
Vane Offset (deg): |
+30° |
Direction Basis: |
True North |
Mag. Declination: |
8° 52' E, changing by 7' W/yr |
Wind Explorer S/N: |
0749 |
Site No.: |
3955 |
CSU ALP Install Team: Mike Kostrzewa (taking picture).
DATA DETAILS
September 28, 2011 to January 11, 2013:
An anemometer tower and wind vane were installed on September 28, 2011 on the campus of ThunderRidge High School. The sensors are mounted on a light pole near the entrance to the school's main parking lot, about 150 feet from the school building. The site has good access to NW/SE wind, but should be partially blocked by the school building from the north.
All data is collected using an NRG #40 Calibrated Anemometer and NRG #200 Wind Vane. The certification for the anemometer is as follows:
NRG #40C Calibrated Anemometer |
Model No. |
1900 |
Serial No. |
1795-00090563 |
Calibration Date |
12/1/08 5:23 p.m. |
Slope |
0.759 m/s per Hz |
Offset |
0.30 m/s |
This equipment feeds into an NRG Wind Explorer data logger. All data plugs will be sent to the Colorado ALP at Colorado State University for analysis. This equipment feeds into an NRG Wind Explorer data logger. All data plugs are sent to the Colorado ALP at Colorado State University for analysis. The data plug files and text versions of these files are given below.
It is important to note that these are the raw files without any compensation for offset.
Using this data, an analysis of the wind resource report was developed using Windographer 2.4.6. For this data an offset of +30° was applied to the wind vane data. This data was flagged for icing in two ways:
- Any wind speed data where the wind speed was less than 0.5 m/s for 3 hours or more was flagged and not included in the wind resource analysis calculations
- Any wind direction data where the wind direction varied by less than 3 degrees for 6 hours or more was flagged and not included in the wind resource analysis calculations
A summary report, the combined data files (with and without the validation analysis), and the Windographer files (with and without the validation analysis) are given below:
Interim Wind Resource Summary
Highlights of the wind resource to date at this site are shown below:
Data Properties |
Variable |
Data Set Starts: |
9/28/2011 11:30 MST |
Height above ground (m) |
10.5 |
Data Set Ends: |
1/11/2013 12:10 |
10-min. mean wind speed (m/s) |
2.865 |
Data Set Duration: |
15 months |
10-min median wind speed (m/s) |
2.740 |
Length of Time Step: |
10 minutes |
10-min min. wind speed (m/s) |
0.30 |
Elevation: |
5,724 ft (1,745 m) |
10-min max wind speed (m/s) |
16.10 |
Mean air density (kg/m³): |
1.032 |
10-min standard deviation (m/s) |
1.530 |
Wind Power Coefficients |
Weibull k |
1.942 |
Power Density at 50m: |
47 W/m² |
Weibull c (m/s) |
3.227 |
Wind Power Class: |
1 (Poor) |
Mean power density (W/m²) |
25 |
Wind Shear Coefficients |
Mean energy content (kWh/m²/yr) |
216 |
Power Law Exponent: |
0.13 |
Mean turbulence intensity |
0.304 |
Surface Roughness: |
0.008 m |
Energy pattern factor |
2.028 |
Roughness Class: |
0.74 |
Total data elements |
203,484 |
Roughness Description: |
|
Flagged wind speed data elements |
418 |
Flagged direction data elements |
1,588 |
Missing data elements |
15 |
Data recovery rate (%) |
100.0% |
Note: The wind power density and wind power class at 50m are projections of the data from 10.5m. A surface roughness of 0.008 meters was assumed for this projection. This is the surface roughness for an area with lawn grass. This value was then used this to calculate the roughness class and the power law exponent shown above. |
Vertical Wind Shear, Height (m) vs Mean Wind Speed (m/s)
|
Wind Frequency Rose at 10.5 meters
|
Wind Energy Rose at 10.5 meters
|
Daily Wind Speed Profile at 10.5m, Hourly Mean Wind Speed (m/s) vs. Hour of the Day
|
Seasonal Wind Speed Profile at 10.5m, Monthly Mean Wind Speed (m/s) vs. Month
|
Probability Distribution Function at 10.5 m: Frequency (%) vs. Wind Speed (m/s) |
Windographer was used to match up the wind at this site with the performance curves of some common turbines of various sizes and various heights. The table below shows the results. For the larger turbines, the tower height was increased to account for the larger turbine blades - the wind resource was extrapolated to these higher heights. Keep in mind that the larger and the higher the turbine, the better the wind and the greater the output. But of course, as the tower heights and turbine sizes increase so does the cost.
Keep in mind too that listing a particular turbine doesn't imply an endorsement - not does it imply that installing a particular turbine model is feasible or recommended for a particular site. For consistency, the larger turbines are included even at sites that where they may not be practical so that one can compare the relative production of different sites.
Turbine |
Rotor
Diameter
meters |
Rotor
Power
kW |
Hub
Height
meters |
Hub
Height
Wind
Speed
m/s |
Time
At
Zero
Output
percent |
Time
At
Rated
Output
percent |
Average
Net
Power
Output
kW |
Average
Net
Energy
Output
kWh/yr |
Average
Net
Capacity
Factor
% |
Bergey Excel-R |
6.7 |
7.5 |
10.2 |
2.85 |
63.2 |
0.0 |
0.2 |
1,600 |
2.5 |
Bergey Excel-S |
6.7 |
10 |
10.2 |
2.85 |
32.9 |
0.0 |
0.3 |
2,200 |
2.5 |
Bergey XL.1 |
2.5 |
1 |
10.2 |
2.85 |
11.3 |
0.1 |
0.0 |
300 |
3.8 |
Southwest AIR X |
1.15 |
0.4 |
10.2 |
2.85 |
72.2 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
29 |
0.8 |
Southwest Skystream 3.7 |
3.7 |
1.8 |
10.2 |
2.85 |
57.8 |
0.0 |
0.1 |
600 |
4.0 |
Southwest Whisper 500 |
4.5 |
3 |
10.2 |
2.85 |
62.5 |
0.1 |
0.1 |
1,100 |
4.1 |
Northern Power NW 100/21 |
21 |
100 |
37 |
3.37 |
44.6 |
0.0 |
4.4 |
38,800 |
4.4 |
GE 1.5s |
70.5 |
1,500 |
64.7 |
3.63 |
55.8 |
0.1 |
42.1 |
368,600 |
2.8 |
GE 2.5xl |
100 |
2,500 |
75 |
3.70 |
41.8 |
0.1 |
124.5 |
1,090,600 |
5.0 |
GE 3.0s |
90 |
3,000 |
70 |
3.67 |
57.8 |
0.0 |
68.1 |
596,500 |
2.3 |
Vestas V90 - 1.8 MW |
90 |
1,800 |
80 |
3.73 |
41.1 |
0.1 |
104.6 |
916,100 |
5.8 |
Vestas V90 - 2.0 MW |
90 |
2,000 |
80 |
3.73 |
41.1 |
0.1 |
106.7 |
934,800 |
5.3 |
Vestas V90 - 3.0 MW 109.4 dB(A) |
90 |
3,000 |
80 |
3.73 |
37.3 |
0.0 |
126.3 |
1,106,600 |
4.2 |
Vestas V100 - 1.8 MW |
100 |
1,800 |
80 |
3.73 |
37.3 |
0.2 |
151.6 |
1,328,000 |
8.4 |
Vestas V100 - 2.0 MW |
100 |
2,000 |
80 |
3.73 |
39.2 |
0.0 |
142.6 |
1,249,500 |
7.1 |
Vestas V100 - 2.6 MW |
100 |
2,600 |
75 |
3.70 |
39.2 |
0.0 |
150.9 |
1,322,200 |
5.8 |
Vestas V112 - 3.0 MW |
112 |
3,075 |
84 |
3.75 |
40.4 |
0.1 |
199.6 |
1,748,800 |
6.5 |
IMPORTANT: No turbine losses are included in the power, energy, and capacity factor values in the table. Typically, turbine losses can be 5-20% to account for maintenance downtime, icing/soiling and losses from other turbines in a wind farm. Users wanting to be conservative in the performance projections should multiply the power, energy, and capacity values by (1- % losses) to account for these losses.
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