COLORADO ANEMOMETER LOAN PROGRAM
 

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TRINIDAD - 10/23/2010 to 10/22/2011

LOCATION DETAILS
Latitude:
N 37° 13.239’ or N 37° 13’ 14.34"
Longitude:
W 104° 29.448’ or W 104° 29’ 26.88"
Survey Meridian:
Colorado, Sixth Principal Meridian
Township:
32 S
Range:
63 W
Section:
31
Elevation:
6,091 feet (1,856.5 m)
Datum:
WGS 84
Tower Type:
NRG Tilt-Up
Tower Height:
20 meters (65.6 feet)
Vane Offset (deg):
+170°
Direction Basis:
Magnetic North
Mag. Declination:
8° 31' E, changing by 7' W/yr
Wind Explorer S/N:
0664
Site No.:
7340

 CSU ALP Install Team (from left): Eric Rasbach, Hunter Vasau, Aron Seader, Laura Ruff, and Jake Renquiist (taking picture).

DATA DETAILS

October 23, 2010 to October 22, 2011:

The anemometer tower was installed on October 23, 2010 and removed on October 24, 2011. The site was about 650 feet east of I-25, about 0.4 mile SSE of Exit 18 (El Morro Road). The tower was located in an open field with a few scrub oaks and yucca. The nearest buildings are about 150 feet east and downhill from the tower and another building about 300 feet SW and uphill from the tower. The wind was expected to blow NE/SW up and down the valley.

All data was collected using an NRG #40 Calibrated Anemometer and NRG #200 Wind Vane mounted on a tilt-up tower located at a height of 20m. The certification for the anemometer is as follows:

NRG #40C Calibrated Anemometer
Model No.
1900
Serial No.
179500142910
Calibration Date
2/9/2010 3:48:39 p.m.
Slope
0.755 m/s per Hz
Offset
0.35 m/s

This equipment fed into an NRG Wind Explorer data logger. All data plugs were sent to the Colorado ALP at Colorado State University for analysis. The data plug files and text versions of these files are given below.

Raw Wind Data Files
NRG Data Plug Files
Txt Files
Highest
2 sec
Gust
mph
Gust
Date/Time
Trinidad_7340_2010_1023_1113.A10 Trinidad_7340_2010_1023_1113.txt
73
10/25/2010 11:13
Trinidad_7340_2010_1113_0216.A10 Trinidad_7340_2010_1113_0216.txt
59
11/21/2010 10:03
Trinidad_7340_2011_0216_0505.A11 Trinidad_7340_2011_0216_0505.txt
65
4/3/2011 12:04
Trinidad_7340_2011_0505_0609.A11 Trinidad_7340_2011_0505_0609.txt
58
5/9/2011 16:30
58
10/6/2011 12:11

It is important to note that these are the raw files without any compensation for offset. It is also important to note that the temperature was not recorded during this period.

Using this data, an analysis of the wind resource report was developed using Windographer 1.49. For this data an offset of +170° was applied to the wind vane data. For this report, a validation analysis was performed on the data. This data was filtered two ways:

  1. Any wind speed data where the wind speed was less than 1 mph for 6 hours or more was deleted.
  2. Any wind direction data where the wind direction varied by less than 3 degrees over 6 hours was deleted

Windographer was then used to add in synthetic data to these intervals with suspect data. A summary report, the combined data files (with and without the validation analysis), and the Windographer files (with and without the validation analysis) are given below:

Final Wind Resource Summary

Highlights of the final wind resource assessment at this site are shown below:

Data Properties
Variable
Data Set Starts:
10/23/2010 14:40 MST
Height above ground (m)
20
Data Set Ends:
10/22/2011 10:10
10-min. mean wind speed (mph)
11.041
Data Set Duration:
1 year
10-min median wind speed (mph)
10.180
Length of Time Step:
10 minutes
10-min min. wind speed (mph)
0.430
Elevation:
6,091 ft (1,856.5 m)
10-min max wind speed (mph)
48.60
Mean air density (kg/m³):
1.022
10-min standard deviation (mph)
6.217
Wind Power Coefficients
Weibull k
1.815
Power Density at 50m:
181 W/m²
Weibull c (mph)
12.388
Wind Power Class:
1 (Poor)
Mean power density (W/m²)
128
Wind Shear Coefficients
Mean energy content (kWh/m²/yr)
1,120
Power Law Exponent:
0.126
Mean turbulence intensity
0.2301
Surface Roughness:
0.01 m
Energy pattern factor
2.201
Roughness Class:
0.78
1-hr autocorrelation coefficient
0.766
Roughness Description:
Rough pasture
Diurnal pattern strength
0.048
Note: The wind power density and wind power class at 50m are projections of the data from 20m. A surface roughness of 0.01 meters was assumed for this projection. This is the surface roughness for a rough pasture. This value was then used this to calculate the roughness class and the power law exponent shown above.
Hour of peak wind speed
14
Total data elements
157,167
Missing data elements
1,825
Data recovery rate (%)
98.8

 

Probability Distribution Function at 20m: Frequency (%) vs. Wind Speed (mph)

 

Vertical Wind Shear, Height (m) vs Mean Wind Speed (mph)

 

Wind Frequency Rose at 20 meters

 

Wind Energy Rose at 20 meters

 

Daily Wind Speed Profile at 20m, Hourly Mean Wind Speed (mph) vs. Hour of the Day

 

Seasonal Wind Speed Profile at 20m, Monthly Mean Wind Speed (mph) vs. Month

Windographer was used to match up the wind at this site with the performance curves of some common turbines of various sizes and various heights. The table below shows the results. For the larger turbines, the tower height was increased to account for the larger turbine blades - the wind resource was extrapolated to these higher heights. Keep in mind that the larger and the higher the turbine, the better the wind and the greater the output. But of course, as the tower heights and turbine sizes increase so does the cost.

Turbine
Rotor
Diameter
meters
Rotor
Power
kW
Hub
Height
meters
Hub
Height
Wind
Speed
mph
Time
At
Zero
Output
percent
Time
At
Rated
Output
percent
Average
Net
Power
Output
kW
Average
Net
Energy
Output
kWh/yr
Average
Net
Capacity
Factor
%
Bergey Excel-R
6.7
7.5
20.0
11.04
28.6
1.9
1.3
11,100
16.9
Bergey Excel-S
6.7
10
20.0
11.04
15.2
0.7
1.4
11,900
13.5
Bergey XL.1
2.5
1
20.0
11.04
6.4
2.6
0.2
1,700
19.2
Southwest Skystream 3.7
3.7
1.8
20.0
11.04
25.8
0.0
0.4
3,200
20.2
Southwest Whisper 500
4.5
3
20.0
11.04
28.6
2.2
0.6
5,600
21.3
Northern Power NW 100/21
21
100
37.0
11.93
22.7
0.0
16.8
147,600
16.8
Vestas V47 - 660 kW
47
660
65.0
12.81
22.1
0.1
122.6
1,073,800
18.6
GE 1.5s
70.5
1,500
80.5
13.16
27.5
2.2
243.3
2,131,100
16.2
Vestas V80 - 2.0 MW
80
2,000
100.0
13.52
26.2
0.9
414.4
3,630,300
20.7
GE 2.5xl
100
2,500
110.0
13.68
20.3
2.8
587.7
5,148,400
23.5

IMPORTANT: No turbine losses are included in the power, energy, and capacity factor values in the table. Typically, turbine losses can be 5-20% to account for maintenance downtime, icing/soiling and losses from other turbines in a wind farm. Users wanting to be conservative in the performance projections should multiply the power, energy, and capacity values by (1 - % losses) to account for these losses.

 


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