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PARK COUNTY SITE 2210 - GUFFEY VICINITY

7/26/2008 through 8/13/2009

LOCATION DETAILS
Latitude:
N 38° 59.015' or N 38° 59' 0.9"
Longitude:
W 105° 40.890' or W 105° 40' 53.4"
Map Datum:
WGS 84
Basis:
Colorado, Sixth Principal Meridian
Township:
12 S
Range:
74 W
Section:
28
Elevation:
2,628 m (8,622 feet)
Tower Type:
NRG 60n XHD
Tower Height:
60 m (197 feet)
Vane Offset (deg):
165
Direction Basis:
Magnetic North
Mag. Declination:
9° 34' E changing by 0° 7' W/year
Site Number:
2210
Symphonie S/N:
309018282

DATA DETAILS

This tower was one of five included in a fleet of 60m towers that were installed by E.ON Climate & Renewables for a commercial wind study in Park County. The tower was installed on July 26, 2008 and removed on August 13, 2009. The site is about 6.5 miles SE of Hartsel and about 3.3 miles east of Colorado Hwy 9 and about 1.4 miles west of Spinney Reservoir. The site is on flat ground with good access to the wind from all directions.

The following commissioning and decommissioning files were available from Park County:

In summary, data was collected initially using using three (3) NRG #40 Anemometers, three (3) Second Wind #C3 anemometers, and two (2) NRG #200P Wind Vanes, as follows:

  • Anemometers
    1. NRG #40 (S/N 68533) at 58.5 meters heading 165° on a 68" boom
    2. NRG #40 (S/N 68374) at 40 meters heading 165° on a 68" boom
    3. NRG #40 (S/N 68355) at 20 meters heading 165° on a 90" boom
    4. Second Wind #C3 (S/N 5418) at 58.5 meters heading 345° on a 68" boom
    5. Second Wind #C3 (S/N 5420) at 40 meters heading 345° on a 68" boom
    6. Second Wind #C3 (S/N 5417) at 20 meters heading 345° on a 90 " boom
  • Wind Vanes
    1. NRG #200 P at 56.5 meters heading 345° on a 68" boom with the null point facing toward the tower
    2. NRG #200 P at 18.5 meters heading 345° on a 90 " boom with the null point facing toward the tower

There was also an NRG 110S temperature sensor and an NRG BP-20 pressure sensor (S/N 18055287) at a height of 3 meters and voltmeter in the data logger box..

All sensors fed into an NRG Symphonie data logger. The certifications for the anemometers are as follows:

NRG #40C Calibrated Anemometers
Anem. No.
58.5A
40A
20A
Height
58.5 m
40 m
20 m
Model No.
1900
1900
1900
Serial No.
68533
68374
68355
Calibration Date
6/14/08 6:47 PM
6/12/08 9:30 PM
6/12/08 5:34 PM
Slope
0.758 m/s per Hz
0.758 m/s per Hz
0.759 m/s per Hz
Offset
0.34 m/s
0.35 m/s
0.35 m/s

 

Original Second Wind Anemometers
Anem. No.
58.5B
40B
20B
Height
58.5 m
40 m
20 m
Model No.
C3
C3
C3
Serial No.
5418
5420
5417
Slope
0.766 m/s per Hz
0.766 m/s per Hz
0.766 m/s per Hz
Offset
0.324 m/s
0.324 m/s
0.324 m/s

After about eight months, the three NRG anemometers were replaced on March 16, 2009 with three Second Wind #C3 anemometers. The existing Second Wind anemometers were also replaced. The replacement anemometer serial numbers and certifications are given in the tables below:

Second Wind Anemometer Replacements for Original NRG
Anem. No.
58.5A
40A
20A
Height
58.5 m
40 m
20 m
Model No.
C3
C3
C3
Serial No.
5979
5978
5975
Slope
0.766 m/s per Hz
0.766 m/s per Hz
0.766 m/s per Hz
Offset
0.324 m/s
0.324 m/s
0.324 m/s
Second Wind Anemometer Replacements for Original
Anem. No.
58.5B
40B
20B
Height
58.5 m
40 m
20 m
Model No.
C3
C3
C3
Serial No.
5987
5976
5973
Slope
0.766 m/s per Hz
0.766 m/s per Hz
0.766 m/s per Hz
Offset
0.324 m/s
0.324 m/s
0.324 m/s

The data logger generated wind reports for each day. Using the Symphonie Data Retriever software, each day's data was complied into one large data file, using the appropriate anemometer slope and offset before and after replacement. A zipped file that contains all of the NRG data files and a text version of the aggregate data for all days are given below.

Raw Wind Data Files
NRG Data Card Files
Txt Files
Guffey_Vicinity_2210_2008_0726_to_2009_0813.zip Guffey_Vicinity_2210_2008_0726_to_2009_0813_NRG_2nd.txt

It is important to note that these are the raw files DO NOT include the offsets for the wind vanes so some compensation is required.

Experienced users may also wish to download the site file used to process the raw data with the Symphonie Data Retriever software. You can find the site file for the first period with the NRG and Second Wind anemometers here and the site file for the second period with just Second Wind anemometers here.

Using this data, an analysis of the wind resource report was developed using Windographer 1.45. For this data an offset of +165° was applied to both wind vane data. fields. Since the data set contains data for two or more wind speed sensors at different heights above the ground, Windographer considered the wind shear relationship between different wind speed sensors to synthesize missing data for those wind speed sensors. A best fit using the power law profile was chosen to synthesize the data. Once the wind shear relation was chosen, a daily influence on the wind shear profile was considered so that in each time step where the wind speed is known at one height but not at a different height, Windographer estimated the unknown wind speed based on the best-fit wind shear profile for the appropriate hour of the day.

Using this data, an analysis of the wind resource report was developed using Windographer 1.45. For this report, a data quality analysis was performed on the data. This data was filtered two ways:

  1. Any wind speed data (from any anemometer) where the wind speed was less than 1 m/s at a temperature less than 2°C for 4 hours or more was deleted.
  2. Any wind direction data (from any wind vane) where the wind direction varied by less than 2 degrees at a temperature less than 2°C for 4 hours or more was deleted.

Windographer was then used to add in synthetic data to these intervals with suspect data.

A summary report, the combined data files, and the Windographer files (with and without the data quality analysis) are given below:

Final Wind Resource Summary

Highlights of the wind resource at this site for the data collection period to date are shown below:

Data Properties
Data Set Starts:
7/26/2008 9:50 MST
Data Set Ends:
8/13/2009 13:00
Data Set Duration:
13 months
Length of Time Step:
10 minutes
Elevation:
2,628 m (8,622 ft)
Mean air density (kg/m³):
0.922
Wind Power Coefficients
Power Density at 50m:
196 W/m²
Wind Power Class:
1 (Poor)
Calculated Wind Shear Coefficients
Power Law Exponent:
0.0908
Surface Roughness:
0.000564 m
Roughness Class:
0.21
Roughness Description:
Rough seas

 

Variable
58.5m A
58.5m B
40m A
40m B
30m A
30m B
Height above ground
58.5 m (92 ft) 58.5 m (92 ft) 40 m (131 ft) 40 m (131 ft) 20 m (66 ft) 20 m (66 ft)
Mean 10 min avg. wind speed (m/s)
5.330 5.342 5.094 5.142 4.834 4.833
Median 10 min avg. wind speed (m/s)
4.500 4.500 4.290 4.350 4.120 4.150
Standard Deviation (m/s)
3.868 3.869 3.688 3.670 3.369 3.380
Min 10 min avg. wind speed (m/s)
0.32 0.32 0.32 0.32 0.30 0.30
Max 10 min avg. wind speed (m/s)
27.28 26.78 26.73 25.99 24.47 24.10
Mean power density (W/m²)
201 201 177 176 143 143
Mean energy content (kWh/m²/yr)
1,763 1,762 1,548 1,544 1,254 1,253
Weibull k
1.350 1.352 1.370 1.384 1.453 1.433
Weibull c (m/s)
5.804 5.818 5.565 5.624 5.336 5.320
Energy pattern factor
2.909 2.889 2.929 2.841 2.779 2.779
1-hr autocorrelation coefficient
0.765 0.765 0.755 0.756 0.748 0.747
Diurnal pattern strength
0.388 0.393 0.388 0.388 0.376 0.385
Hour of peak wind speed
16 16 16 16 16 16
Mean turbulence intensity
0.2279 0.2266 0.3136 0.2324 0.2338 0.2389
Possible records
55,171 55,171 55,171 55,171 55,171 55,171
Valid records
54,928 54,956 54,907 54,939 54,960 54,961
Missing records
243 215 264 232 211 210
Data Recovery Rate (%)
99.56 99.61 99.52 99.58 99.62 99.62
Total data elements
2,514,336
Suspect/missing elements
132,712
Data completeness (%)
94.7

 

Wind Shear

 

Probability Distribution Function for the 58.5m Anemometer - A

 

Probability Distribution Function for the 58.5m Anemometer - B

 

Probability Distribution Function for the 40m Anemometer - A

 

Probability Distribution Function for the 40m Anemometer - B

 

Probability Distribution Function for the 20m Anemometer - A

 

Probability Distribution Function for the 20m Anemometer - B

 

Wind Rose at 56.5m

 

Wind Rose at 18.5m

 

Daily Wind Speed Profile

 

Seasonal Wind Speed Profile

 

Windographer was used to match up the wind at this site with the performance curves of some common turbines of various sizes and various heights. The table below shows the results. For the larger turbines, the tower height was increased to account for the larger turbine blades - the wind resource was extrapolated to these higher heights. Keep in mind that the larger and the higher the turbine, the better the wind and the greater the output. But of course, as the tower heights and turbine sizes increase so does the cost

Turbine
Rotor
Diameter
meters
Rotor
Power
kW
Hub
Height
meters
Hub
Height
Wind
Speed
m/s
Time
At
Zero
Output
percent
Time
At
Rated
Output
percent
Average
Net
Power
Output
kW
Average
Net
Energy
Output
kWh/yr
Average
Net
Capacity
Factor
%
Bergey Excel-R
6.7
7.5
30 4.98 39.71 3.47 1.4 12,500 19.0
Bergey Excel-S
6.7
10
30 4.98 26.06 1.41 1.5 13,500 15.4
Bergey XL.1
2.5
1
30 4.98 12.85 4.80 0.2 1,900 21.5
Southwest Skystream 3.7
3.7
1.8
30 4.98 35.95 0 0.4 3,200 20.3
Southwest Whisper 500
4.5
3
30 4.98 39.63 4.14 0.7 6,000 22.8
Northern Power NW 100/21
21
100
37 5.08 35.46 0 15.5 136,200 15.5
Vestas V47 - 660 kW
47
660
65 5.35 37.25 0.30 117.6 1,030,000 17.8
GE 1.5s
70.5
1,500
80.5 5.46 43.44 2.48 239.8 2,100,700 16.0
Vestas V80 - 2.0 MW
80
2,000
100 5.57 42.85 1.02 387.1 3,391,000 19.4
GE 2.5xl
100
2,500
110 5.62 36.68 3.12 544.4 4,769,200 21.8

IMPORTANT: No turbine losses are included in the power, energy, and capacity factor values in the table. Typically, turbine losses can be 5-20% to account for maintenance downtime, icing/soiling and losses from other turbines in a wind farm. Users wanting to be conservative in the performance projections should multiply the power, energy, and capacity values by (1- % losses) to account for these losses.


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Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523 USA (970) 491-7709
Last updated: June 2009
Email questions & comments to: michael@engr.colostate.edu
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