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PARK COUNTY SITE 2207 - BADGER CREEK

8/14/2008 through 11/24/2009

LOCATION DETAILS
Latitude:
N 38° 42.427' or N 38° 42' 25.62"
Longitude:
W 105° 47.098' or W 105° 47' 5.88"
Map Datum:
WGS 84
Basis:
Colorado, Sixth Principal Meridian
Township:
15 S
Range:
75 W
Section:
33
Elevation:
2,973 m (9,754 feet)
Tower Type:
NRG 60n XHD
Tower Height:
60 m (197 feet)
Vane Offset (deg):
+110°
Direction Basis:
Magnetic North
Mag. Declination:
9° 35' E changing by 0° 7' W/year
Site Number:
2207
Symphonie S/N:
309015538

DATA DETAILS

This tower was one of five included in a fleet of 60m towers that were installed by E.ON Climate & Renewables for a commercial wind study in Park County. The tower was installed on August 14, 2008 and removed on November 24, 2009. The site is located on a plateau/bluff in extreme south Park County, about one mile north of the county line, about one mile south of Rye Slough, and about 15 miles west of Colorado Hwy 9. The site is on the east side of a NW/SE-oriented valley and is about 4.5 miles west of Black Mountain..

The following commissioning and decommissioning files were available from Park County:

In summary, data was collected initially using using three (3) NRG #40 Anemometers, three (3) Second Wind #C3 anemometers, and two (2) NRG #200P Wind Vanes, as follows:

  • Anemometers
    1. NRG #40 (S/N 68370) at 58.5 meters heading 110° on a 68" boom
    2. NRG #40 (S/N 68365) at 40 meters heading 110° on a 68" boom
    3. NRG #40 (S/N 68363) at 20 meters heading 110° on a 90" boom
    4. Second Wind #C3 (S/N 5425) at 58.5 meters heading 290° on a 68" boom
    5. Second Wind #C3 (S/N 5414) at 40 meters heading 290° on a 68" boom
    6. Second Wind #C3 (S/N 5415) at 20 meters heading 290° on a 90 " boom
  • Wind Vanes
    1. NRG #200 P at 56.5 meters heading 290° on a 68" boom with the null point facing toward the tower
    2. NRG #200 P at 18.5 meters heading 290° on a 90" boom with the null point facing toward the tower

There was also an NRG 110S temperature sensor and an NRG BP-20 pressure sensor (S/N 18055260) at a height of 3 meters and voltmeter in the data logger box..

All sensors fed into an NRG Symphonie data logger. The certifications for the anemometers are as follows:

NRG #40C Calibrated Anemometers
Anem. No.
58.5A
40A
20A
Height
58.5 m
40 m
20 m
Model No.
1900
1900
1900
Serial No.
68370
68365
68363
Calibration Date
6/12/08 8:45 PM
6/12/08 7:53 PM
6/12/08 6:47 PM
Slope
0.762 m/s per Hz
0.758 m/s per Hz
0.759 m/s per Hz
Offset
0.33 m/s
0.35 m/s
0.36 m/s

 

Second Wind Anemometers
Anem. No.
58.5B
40B
20B
Height
58.5 m
40 m
20 m
Model No.
C3
C3
C3
Serial No.
5425
5414
5415
Slope
0.766 m/s per Hz
0.766 m/s per Hz
0.766 m/s per Hz
Offset
0.324 m/s
0.324 m/s
0.324 m/s

The data logger generated wind reports for each day. Using the Symphonie Data Retriever software, each day's data was complied into one large data file, using the appropriate anemometer slope and offset before and after replacement. A zipped file that contains all of the NRG data files and a text version of the aggregate data for all days are given below.

Raw Wind Data Files
NRG Data Card Files
Txt Files
Badger_Creek_2207_2008_0814_to_2009_1124_RWD.zip

It is important to note that these are the raw files DO NOT include the offsets for the wind vanes so some compensation is required.

Experienced users may also wish to download the site file used to process the raw data with the Symphonie Data Retriever software. You can find the site file here.

Using this data, an analysis of the wind resource report was developed using Windographer 1.45. For this data an offset of +110° was applied to both wind vane data. fields. Since the data set contains data for two or more wind speed sensors at different heights above the ground, Windographer considered the wind shear relationship between different wind speed sensors to synthesize missing data for those wind speed sensors. A best fit using the power law profile was chosen to synthesize the data. Once the wind shear relation was chosen, a daily influence on the wind shear profile was considered so that in each time step where the wind speed is known at one height but not at a different height, Windographer estimated the unknown wind speed based on the best-fit wind shear profile for the appropriate hour of the day.

Using this data, an analysis of the wind resource report was developed using Windographer 1.45. For this report, a data quality analysis was performed on the data. This data was filtered two ways:

  1. Any wind speed data (from any anemometer) where the wind speed was less than 1 m/s at a temperature less than 2°C for 4 hours or more was deleted.
  2. Any wind direction data (from any wind vane) where the wind direction varied by less than 2 degrees at a temperature less than 2°C for 4 hours or more was deleted.

Windographer was then used to add in synthetic data to these intervals with suspect data.

A summary report, the combined data files, and the Windographer files (with and without the data quality analysis) are given below:

Final Wind Resource Summary

Highlights of the wind resource at this site for the data collection period to date are shown below:

Data Properties
Data Set Starts:
8/14/2008 00:00 MST
Data Set Ends:
11/24/2009 11:00
Data Set Duration:
15 months
Length of Time Step:
10 minutes
Elevation:
2,973 m (9,754 ft)
Mean air density (kg/m³):
0.892
Wind Power Coefficients
Power Density at 50m:
202 W/m²
Wind Power Class:
2 (Marginal)
Calculated Wind Shear Coefficients
Power Law Exponent:
0.12
Surface Roughness:
0.0078 m
Roughness Class:
0.73
Roughness Description:
Lawn grass

 

Variable
58.5m A
58.5m B
40m A
40m B
30m A
30m B
Height above ground
58.5 m (92 ft) 58.5 m (92 ft) 40 m (131 ft) 40 m (131 ft) 20 m (66 ft) 20 m (66 ft)
Mean 10 min avg. wind speed (m/s)
5.975 5.929 5.685 5.716 5.217 5.255
Median 10 min avg. wind speed (m/s)
5.440 5.300 5.200 5.240 4.620 4.740
Standard Deviation (m/s)
3.407 3.469 3.354 3.441 3.232 3.274
Min 10 min avg. wind speed (m/s)
0.29 0.29 0.28 0.28 0.25 0.25
Max 10 min avg. wind speed (m/s)
23.55 23.58 22.32 22.51 20.95 20.62
Mean power density (W/m²)
200 202 178 186 148 151
Mean energy content (kWh/m²/yr)
1,755 1,774 1,564 1,627 1,292 1,321
Weibull k
1.809 1.761 1.726 1.676 1.646 1.620
Weibull c (m/s)
6.716 6.657 6.367 6.383 5.829 5.858
Energy pattern factor
2.110 2.182 2.184 2.235 2.338 2.339
1-hr autocorrelation coefficient
0.792 0.790 0.793 0.793 0.799 0.798
Diurnal pattern strength
0.254 0.259 0.292 0.296 0.339 0.345
Hour of peak wind speed
16 16 16 16 15 15
Mean turbulence intensity
0.1773 0.1807 0.1898 0.1954 0.2007 0.2076
Possible records
67,314 67,314 67,314 67,314 67,314 67,314
Valid records
66,913 66,971 66,904 66,789 66,945 66,978
Missing records
401 343 410 525 369 336
Data Recovery Rate (%)
99.4 99.49 99.39 99.22 99.45 99.5
Total data elements
2,961,816
Suspect/missing elements
14,658
Data completeness (%)
99.5

 

Wind Shear

 

Probability Distribution Function for the 58.5m Anemometer - A

 

Probability Distribution Function for the 58.5m Anemometer - B

 

Probability Distribution Function for the 40m Anemometer - A

 

Probability Distribution Function for the 40m Anemometer - B

 

Probability Distribution Function for the 20m Anemometer - A

 

Probability Distribution Function for the 20m Anemometer - B

 

Wind Rose at 56.5m

 

Wind Rose at 18.5m

 

Daily Wind Speed Profile

 

Seasonal Wind Speed Profile

 

Windographer was used to match up the wind at this site with the performance curves of some common turbines of various sizes and various heights. The table below shows the results. For the larger turbines, the tower height was increased to account for the larger turbine blades - the wind resource was extrapolated to these higher heights. Keep in mind that the larger and the higher the turbine, the better the wind and the greater the output. But of course, as the tower heights and turbine sizes increase so does the cost

Turbine
Rotor
Diameter
meters
Rotor
Power
kW
Hub
Height
meters
Hub
Height
Wind
Speed
m/s
Time
At
Zero
Output
percent
Time
At
Rated
Output
percent
Average
Net
Power
Output
kW
Average
Net
Energy
Output
kWh/yr
Average
Net
Capacity
Factor
%
Bergey Excel-R
6.7
7.5
30 5.50 30.01 3.47 1.6 13,600 20.8
Bergey Excel-S
6.7
10
30 5.50 16.04 1.47 1.7 14,700 16.7
Bergey XL.1
2.5
1
30 5.50 6.65 4.64 0.2 2,100 23.5
Southwest Skystream 3.7
3.7
1.8
30 5.50 25.61 0.00 0.4 3,500 22.3
Southwest Whisper 500
4.5
3
30 5.50 30.00 4.01 0.8 6,600 25.2
Northern Power NW 100/21
21
100
37 5.62 24.30 0.00 17 148,800 17.0
Vestas V47 - 660 kW
47
660
65 6.00 24.59 0.15 127.5 1,116,600 19.3
GE 1.5s
70.5
1,500
80.5 6.15 30.44 2.12 253.7 2,222,400 16.9
Vestas V80 - 2.0 MW
80
2,000
100 6.31 28.98 0.69 424.2 3,716,300 21.2
GE 2.5xl
100
2,500
110 6.39 21.94 2.60 601.7 5,270,500 24.1

IMPORTANT: No turbine losses are included in the power, energy, and capacity factor values in the table. Typically, turbine losses can be 5-20% to account for maintenance downtime, icing/soiling and losses from other turbines in a wind farm. Users wanting to be conservative in the performance projections should multiply the power, energy, and capacity values by (1- % losses) to account for these losses.


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© 2008 Mechanical Engineering,
Colorado State University. All Rights Reserved.
Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523 USA (970) 491-7709
Last updated: June 2009
Email questions & comments to: michael@engr.colostate.edu
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