WALSENBURG SOUTH
6/1/2010 through 6/7/2012
LOCATION DETAILS |
Latitude: |
N 37° 36.894' or N 37° 36' 53.64" |
Longitude: |
W 104° 45.729' or W 104° 45' 43.801" |
Map Datum: |
WGS 84 |
Basis: |
Colorado, Sixth Principal Meridian |
Township: |
28 S |
Range: |
66 W |
Section: |
15 |
Elevation: |
1,935 m (6,348 feet) |
Tower Type: |
NRG Tilt-Up |
Tower Height: |
50 meters (164.0 feet) |
Direction Basis: |
Magnetic North |
Mag. Declination: |
8° 44' E changing by 0° 7' W/year |
Site Number: |
3704 |
Symphonie S/N: |
0759 |
DATA DETAILS
June 1, 2010 through June 7, 2012:
This site used the 50m tower owned by the Colorado Energy Office that is intended for community wind projects. The anemometer tower was installed on June 1, 2010 and was removed on June 7, 2012.
Data was being collected using four (4) NRG #40 Anemometers and two (2) NRG #200P Wind Vanes, as follows:
- Anemometers
- 49.5 meters heading 300° on an NRG 43" offset standard boom
- 49.5 meters heading 215° on an NRG 43" offset standard boom
- 30.0 meters heading 260° on an NRG 43" offset standard boom
- 40.2 meters heading 258° on an NRG 43" offset standard boom
- Wind Vanes
- 48.5 meters heading 253° on an NRG 43" offset standard boom with the null point facing away from the tower
- 38.1 meters heading 150° on an NRG 43" offset standard boom with the null point facing away from the tower
There was also a temperature sensor at a height of 2.5 meters on a 6" boom, a voltmeter in the data logger box, and relative humidity at a height of 2 meters under the data logger box.
All sensors fed into an NRG Symphonie data logger. The certifications for the anemometers are as follows:
NRG #40C Calibrated Anemometers |
Anem. No. |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
Height |
49.5 m |
49.5 m |
30.0 m |
40.2 m |
Model No. |
1900 |
1900 |
1900 |
1900 |
Serial No. |
1795000 71318 |
1795000 71319 |
1795000 71317 |
1795000 78800 |
Calibration Date |
7/3/08 6:33 PM |
7/3/08 6:43 PM |
7/3/08 6:23 PM |
8/22/08 12:49 PM |
Slope |
0.758 m/s per Hz |
0.761 m/s per Hz |
0.759 m/s per Hz |
0.757 m/s per Hz |
Offset |
0.34 m/s |
0.34 m/s |
0.33 m/s |
0.40 m/s |
The data logger generated wind reports for each day. Using the Symphonie Data Retriever software, each day's data was complied into one large data file. A zipped file that contains all of the NRG data files and a text version of the aggregate data for all days are given below .
It is important to note that these raw files included the offsets for the wind vanes so no compensation is required.
Experienced users may also wish to download the site file used to process the raw data with the Symphonie Data Retriever software. You can find the site file here.
From this data, an analysis of the wind resource report was developed for entire data collection period using Windographer 2.46. No offset was applied to the wind vane data as none was needed. Since the data set contains data for two or more wind speed sensors at different heights above the ground, Windographer considered the wind shear relationship between different wind speed sensors to synthesize missing data for those wind speed sensors. A best fit using the power law profile was chosen to synthesize the data. Once the wind shear relation was chosen, a daily influence on the wind shear profile was considered so that in each time step where the wind speed is known at one height but not at a different height, Windographer estimated the unknown wind speed based on the best-fit wind shear profile for the appropriate hour of the day.
Using this data, an analysis of the wind resource report was developed using Windographer. For this analysis, a data quality analysis was performed on the data. This data was flagged for icing in two ways:
- Any wind speed data (from any anemometer) where the wind speed was less than 1 m/s at a temperature less than 2°C for 4 hours or more was flagged and removed from the wind resource analysis calculations
- Any wind direction data (from any wind vane) where the wind direction varied by less than 2 degrees at a temperature less than 2°C for 4 hours or more was flagged and removed from the wind resource analysis calculations .
The final summary report, the combined data files, and the Windographer files (with and without the data quality analysis) are given below:
Final Wind Resource Summary
Highlights of the final wind resource at this site for the data collection period are shown below:
Data Properties |
Data Set Starts: |
6/1/2010 14:00 MST |
Data Set Ends: |
6/7/2012 16:00 |
Data Set Duration: |
24 months |
Length of Time Step: |
10 minutes |
Elevation: |
1,935 m (6,348 ft) |
Mean air density (kg/m³): |
0.980 |
Wind Power Coefficients |
Power Density at 50m: |
421 W/m² |
Wind Power Class: |
4 (Good) |
Calculated Wind Shear Coefficients |
Power Law Exponent: |
0.144 |
Surface Roughness: |
0.0366 m |
Roughness Class: |
1.17 |
Roughness Description: |
Fallow field |
Variable |
Speed 50m - A |
Speed 50m - B |
Speed 40 m |
Speed 30 m |
Height above ground |
50 m (164 ft) |
50 m (164 ft) |
40 m (131 ft) |
30 m (98 ft) |
Mean 10 min avg. wind speed (m/s) |
7.166 |
7.317 |
7.035 |
6.711 |
Median 10 min avg. wind speed (m/s) |
6.38 |
6.55 |
6.24 |
5.91 |
10 min. avg. standard deviation (m/s) |
4.285 |
4.287 |
4.136 |
3.881 |
Min 10 min avg. wind speed (m/s) |
0.34 |
0.34 |
0.4 |
0.33 |
Max 10 min avg. wind speed (m/s) |
30.71 |
30.75 |
30.04 |
28.71 |
Weibull k |
1.736 |
1.777 |
1.772 |
1.820 |
Weibull c (m/s) |
8.051 |
8.233 |
7.914 |
7.571 |
Mean power density (W/m²) |
408 |
423 |
378 |
324 |
Mean energy content (kWh/m²/yr) |
3,571 |
3,703 |
3,313 |
2,836 |
Mean turbulence intensity |
0.174 |
0.169 |
0.177 |
0.177 |
Energy pattern factor |
2.261 |
2.202 |
2.218 |
2.187 |
Possible records |
106,140 |
106,140 |
106,140 |
106,140 |
Valid records |
104,571 |
104,770 |
104,415 |
105,010 |
Missing records |
1,569 |
1,370 |
1,725 |
1,130 |
Data recovery rate (%) |
98.52 |
98.71 |
98.37 |
98.94 |
![](ALP_Sites/Walsenburg_South_(78)/Data_Card_2012_0607/Walsenburg_South_Wind_Shear_Profile_600.png)
Vertical Wind Shear, Height (m) vs Mean Wind Speed (m/s)
|
![](ALP_Sites/Walsenburg_South_(78)/Data_Card_2012_0607/Walsenburg_South_Wind_Energy_Rose_49m_600.png)
Wind Energy Rose at 49 meters
![](ALP_Sites/Walsenburg_South_(78)/Data_Card_2012_0607/Walsenburg_South_Wind_Frequency_Rose_49m_600.png)
Wind Frequency Rose at 49 meters
![](ALP_Sites/Walsenburg_South_(78)/Data_Card_2012_0607/Walsenburg_South_Wind_Frequency_Rose_38m_600.png)
Wind Energy Rose at 38 meters
![](ALP_Sites/Walsenburg_South_(78)/Data_Card_2012_0607/Walsenburg_South_Wind_Frequency_Rose_38m_600.png)
Wind Frequency Rose at 38 meters
|
![](ALP_Sites/Walsenburg_South_(78)/Data_Card_2012_0607/Walsenburg_South_Daily_Wind_Speed_Profile_600.png)
Daily Wind Speed Profile, Hourly Mean Wind Speed (m/s) vs. Hour of the Day
|
![](ALP_Sites/Walsenburg_South_(78)/Data_Card_2012_0607/Walsenburg_South_Seasonal_Wind_Speed_Profile_600.png)
Seasonal Wind Speed Profile, Monthly Mean Wind Speed (m/s) vs. Month
|
![](ALP_Sites/Walsenburg_South_(78)/Data_Card_2012_0607/Walsenburg_South_PDF_50mA_600.png)
Probability Distribution Function at 50m - Sensor A: Frequency (%) vs. Wind Speed
|
![](ALP_Sites/Walsenburg_South_(78)/Data_Card_2012_0607/Walsenburg_South_PDF_50mB_600.png)
Probability Distribution Function at 50m - Sensor B: Frequency (%) vs. Wind Speed
|
![](ALP_Sites/Walsenburg_South_(78)/Data_Card_2012_0607/Walsenburg_South_PDF_40m_600.png)
Probability Distribution Function at 40m: Frequency (%) vs. Wind Speed
|
![](ALP_Sites/Walsenburg_South_(78)/Data_Card_2012_0607/Walsenburg_South_PDF_30m_600.png)
Probability Distribution Function at 30m: Frequency (%) vs. Wind Speed |
Windographer was used to match up the wind at this site with the performance curves of some common turbines of various sizes and various heights. The table below shows the results. For the larger turbines, the tower height was increased to account for the larger turbine blades - the wind resource was extrapolated to these higher heights. Keep in mind that the larger and the higher the turbine, the better the wind and the greater the output. But of course, as the tower heights and turbine sizes increase so does the cost.
Keep in mind too that listing a particular turbine doesn't imply an endorsement - not does it imply that installing a particular turbine model is feasible or recommended for a particular site. For consistency, the larger turbines are included even at sites that where they may not be practical so that one can compare the relative production of different sites.
Turbine |
Rotor
Diameter
meters |
Rotor
Power
kW |
Hub
Height
meters |
Hub
Height
Wind
Speed
m/s |
Time
At
Zero
Output
percent |
Time
At
Rated
Output
percent |
Average
Net
Power
Output
kW |
Average
Net
Energy
Output
kWh/yr |
Average
Net
Capacity
Factor
% |
Bergey Excel-R |
6.7 |
7.5 |
30 |
6.71 |
18.8 |
8.2 |
2.3 |
20,200 |
30.8 |
Bergey Excel-S |
6.7 |
10 |
30 |
6.71 |
8.3 |
4.7 |
2.6 |
22,800 |
26.1 |
Bergey XL.1 |
2.5 |
1 |
30 |
6.71 |
2.0 |
11.8 |
0.4 |
3,100 |
35.2 |
Southwest Skystream 3.7 |
3.7 |
1.8 |
30 |
6.71 |
16.1 |
0.0 |
0.6 |
5,100 |
32.4 |
Southwest Whisper 500 |
4.5 |
3 |
30 |
6.71 |
18.5 |
10.0 |
1.1 |
9,600 |
36.4 |
Northern Power NW 100/21 |
21 |
100 |
37 |
6.89 |
16.6 |
0.0 |
26.2 |
229,500 |
26.2 |
GE 1.5s |
70.5 |
1,500 |
64.7 |
7.55 |
22.9 |
9.0 |
438.0 |
3,837,200 |
29.2 |
GE 2.5xl |
100 |
2,500 |
75 |
7.73 |
17.3 |
10.1 |
904.8 |
7,926,000 |
36.2 |
GE 3.0s |
90 |
3,000 |
70 |
7.65 |
24.1 |
3.3 |
763.7 |
6,689,600 |
25.5 |
Vestas V90 - 1.8 MW |
90 |
1,800 |
80 |
7.82 |
17.3 |
10.9 |
721.9 |
6,323,500 |
40.1 |
Vestas V90 - 2.0 MW |
90 |
2,000 |
80 |
7.82 |
17.3 |
10.6 |
772.4 |
6,766,100 |
38.6 |
Vestas V90 - 3.0 MW 109.4 dB(A) |
90 |
3,000 |
80 |
7.82 |
15.4 |
2.1 |
905.6 |
7,932,600 |
30.2 |
Vestas V100 - 1.8 MW |
100 |
1,800 |
80 |
7.82 |
16.6 |
13.0 |
788.4 |
6,906,800 |
43.8 |
Vestas V100 - 2.0 MW |
100 |
2,000 |
80 |
7.82 |
17.0 |
3.8 |
832.6 |
7,293,300 |
41.6 |
Vestas V100 - 2.6 MW |
100 |
2,600 |
75 |
7.73 |
16.4 |
4.9 |
929.3 |
8,140,600 |
35.7 |
Vestas V112 - 3.0 MW |
112 |
3,075 |
84 |
7.88 |
17.0 |
11.0 |
1,230.6 |
10,780,300 |
40.0 |
IMPORTANT: No turbine losses are included in the power, energy, and capacity factor values in the table. Typically, turbine losses can be 5-20% to account for maintenance downtime, icing/soiling and losses from other turbines in a wind farm. Users wanting to be conservative in the performance projections should multiply the power, energy, and capacity values by (1- % losses) to account for these losses. |
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