COLORADO ANEMOMETER LOAN PROGRAM
 

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Small Wind Electric Systems: A Colorado Consumer's Guide
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BRECKENRIDGE - 1/22/2009 to 2/4/2010

LOCATION DETAILS
Latitude:
N 39° 30.705’ or N 39° 30’ 42"
Longitude:
W 106° 3.052’ or W 106° 3’ 3"
Township:
6 S
Range:
78 W
Section:
19
Elevation (ft.):
9,381
Datum:
WGS 84
Tower Type:
NRG Tilt-Up
Tower Height:
30 m (98.4 ft)
Vane Offset (deg):
+70°
Direction Basis:
Magnetic North
Mag. Declination:
9° 43' E, changing by 8' W/yr
Wind Explorer S/N:
0663
Site No.:
3906

Team CSU ALP Install Team (from left): Tyler Mork, Justin Nelson, Daniel Fink, Todd MacDonald, Jake Renquist, Andrew Lyle, Brian Smith, Nikki Dunlap, Doug Hopper, and Mike Kostrzewa.

DATA DETAILS

January 22, 2009 to February 4, 2010:

The anemometer tower was installed on January 22, 2009. The site is located just south of the Colorado Mountain College campus (a portion of the Block 11 parcel), which is within the Town of Breckenridge limits. The site sits in North Barton Gulch, a valley east of Peak. The winds were expected to be strong from the south down valley to Lake Dillon to the north. In addition, winds were expected to be strong from the west as the winter winds come over the Tenmile Range.

All data is collected using an NRG #40 Calibrated Anemometer and NRG #200 Wind Vane mounted on a tilt-up tower located on the landowner's property at a height of 30m. The certification for the anemometer is as follows:

NRG #40C Calibrated Anemometer
Model No.
1900
Serial No.
179500090564
Calibration Date
12/1/2008 5:34:05 a.m.
Slope
0.756 m/s per Hz
Offset
0.38 m/s

This equipment fed into an NRG Wind Explorer data logger. All data plugs were sent to the Colorado ALP at Colorado State University for analysis. The data plug files and text versions of these files are given below.

Raw Wind Data Files
NRG Data Plug Files
Txt Files

Highest
2 sec
Gust
mph

Gust
Date/Time
Breckenridge_3906_2009_0122_0303.A09 Breckenridge_3906_2009_0122_0303.txt
61
1/28/09 15:05
Breckenridge_3906_2009_0303_0518.A09 Breckenridge_3906_2009_0303_0518.txt
55
3/31/09 8:18
Breckenridge_3906_2009_0518_0731.A09 Breckenridge_3906_2009_0518_0731.txt
55
7/20/09 7:20
Breckenridge_3906_2009_0731_0912.A09 Breckenridge_3906_2009_0731_0912.txt
49
7/31/09 16:07
Breckenridge_3906_2009_0912_0108.A09 Breckenridge_3906_2009_0912_0108.txt
60
9/30/09 12:29
Breckenridge_3906_2010_0108_0204.A09 Breckenridge_3906_2010_0108_0204.txt
40
1/24/10 11:11

It is important to note that these are the raw files without any compensation for offset. It is also important to note that the temperature was not recorded during this period.

Using this data, an analysis of the wind resource report was developed using Windographer 1.45. For this data an offset of +70° was applied to the wind vane data. For this report, a validation analysis was performed on the data. This data was filtered two ways:

  1. Any wind speed data where the wind speed was less than 1 mph for 3 hours or more was deleted.
  2. Any wind direction data where the wind direction varied by less than 3 degrees over 6 hours was deleted

Note: During an inspection of the site on June 8, 2009, it was discovered that the wind vane was wired incorrectly to the data logger. As such, the wind direction data should be disregarded prior to this date.

Windographer was then used to add in synthetic data to these intervals with suspect data. The combined data files (with and without the validation analysis), and the Windographer files (with and without the validation analysis) are given below:

Final Wind Resource Summary

The anemometer tower was removed from the site on February 4, 2010. Highlights of the wind resource at this site for the entire monitoring period are shown below:

Data Properties
Variable
Data Set Starts:
1/22/2009 15:30 MST
Height above ground (m)
30
Data Set Ends:
2/4/2010 11:20
Mean 10 min avg. wind speed (mph)
6.975
Data Set Duration:
12.4 months
Median 10 min avg. wind speed (mph)
6.190
Length of Time Step:
10 minutes
Min 10 min avg. wind speed (mph)
0.583
Elevation (ft.):
9,391
Max 10 min avg. wind speed (mph)
33.00
Mean air density (kg/m³):
0.922
Mean power density (W/m²)
37
Wind Power Coefficients
Mean energy content (kWh/m²/yr)
324
Power Density at 50m:
48 W/m²
Energy pattern factor
2.645
Wind Power Class:
1 (Poor)
Weibull k
1.487
Wind Shear Coefficients
Weibull c (mph)
7.722
Power Law Exponent:
0.168
1-hr autocorrelation coefficient
0.657
Surface Roughness:
0.1 m
Diurnal pattern strength
0.389
Roughness Class:
2.00
Hour of peak wind speed
14
Roughness Description:
Few trees
Mean turbulence intensity
0.3234
Note: The wind power density and wind power class at 50m are projections of the data from 30m. A surface roughness of 0.1 meters was assumed for this projection.. This is the surface roughness for an area with a few trees. This value was then used this to calculate the roughness class and the power law exponent shown above.
Standard deviation (mph)
4.739
Frequency of calms (%)
0
Total data elements
163,224
Suspect/missing elements
19,942
Data completeness (%)
87.8

 

Note: During an inspection of the site on June 8, 2009, it was discovered that the wind vane was wired incorrectly to the data logger. As such, the wind direction data should be disregarded prior to this date. The wind rose above contains only wind direction data since June 8, 2009

Windographer was used to match up the wind at this site with the performance curves of some common turbines of various sizes and various heights, allowing for losses of about 18%. The table below shows the results. For the larger turbines, the tower height was increased to account for the larger turbine blades - the wind resource was extrapolated to these higher heights. Keep in mind that the larger and the higher the turbine, the better the wind and the greater the output. But of course, as the tower heights and turbine sizes increase so does the cost.

Turbine
Rotor
Diameter
meters
Rotor
Power
kW
Hub
Height
meters
Hub
Height
Wind
Speed
mph
Time
At
Zero
Output
percent
Time
At
Rated
Output
percent
Average
Net
Power
Output
kW
Average
Net
Energy
Output
kWh/yr
Average
Net
Capacity
Factor
%
Bergey Excel-R
6.7
7.5
30
6.97
58.93
0.06
0.3
2,600
3.9
Bergey Excel-S
6.7
10
30
6.97
39.85
0.02
0.3
3,000
3.4
Bergey XL.1
2.5
1
30
6.97
20.64
0.09
0.0
400
4.9
Southwest Skystream 3.7
3.7
1.8
30
6.97
54.17
0.00
0.1
900
5.6
Southwest Whisper 500
4.5
3
30
6.97
58.93
0.07
0.2
1,500
5.8
Northern Power NW 100/21
21
100
37
7.22
52.24
0.00
4.1
35,500
4.1
Vestas V47 - 660 kW
47
660
65
7.94
51.95
0.00
28.0
245,700
4.2
GE 1.5s
70.5
1,500
80.5
8.23
58.70
0.06
49.4
433,000
3.3
Vestas V80 - 2.0 MW
80
2,000
100
8.54
56.82
0.02
106.2
930,100
5.3
GE 2.5xl
100
2,500
110
8.68
48.16
0.11
156.3
1,369,400
6.3

 


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Last updated: June 2009
Email questions & comments to: michael@engr.colostate.edu
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