VICTOR - 12/26/2006 through 6/20/2008
LOCATION DETAILS |
Latitude: |
N 38° 42.532' |
Longitude: |
W 105° 10.150' |
Township: |
15 S |
Range: |
70 W |
Section: |
36 |
Elevation (ft.): |
9,676 |
Tower Type: |
NRG Tilt-Up |
Tower Height: |
20 m (65.6 ft) |
Vane Offset (deg): |
19° for UND data; 55° otherwise |
Direction Basis: |
Mag. North |
Mag. Declination: |
9.393° E |
Site Number: |
1112 |
Wind Explorer S/N: |
0750 |
DATA DETAILS
December 26, 2006 through July 24, 2007:
The anemometer tower was installed on December 26, 2007. The site is located 2 miles west of Victor and 3 miles south of Cripple Creek. The tower stands
along the northeast side of an open area atop Little Grouse Mountain. All data was collected using an NRG #40 Anemometer and NRG #200P Wind Vane mounted on a tilt-up tower located on the landowner's property at a height of 20m. This equipment fed into an NRG Wind Explorer data logger. Four data plugs were sent into the Governor's Energy Office and then to the University of North Dakota for analysis. The data plug files and text versions of these files are given below.
Raw Wind Data Files |
NRG Data Plug Files |
Txt Files |
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It is important to note that these are the raw files without any compensation for offset. It is also important to note that the temperature was not recorded during this period.
For this data, UND applied an offset of +19 degrees to the wind vane data. This corrected data and wind resource summary report for the period from December 26, 2006 through May 25, 2007 are available here:
July 25, 2007 through June 20, 2008:
CSU was chosen as the contractor for the program on September 14, 2007. Data collected since September 14, 2007 is given below:
Again, it is important to note that these are the raw files without any compensation for offset or temperature.
Using the data collected by both UND and CSU, an analysis of the wind resource was developed using Windographer 1.21 for the period from December 26, 2006 through June 20, 2008. From field measurements taken when the tower was removed on June 20, 2008, the offset was +55°, not the 19° offset used in the UND analysis. A data validation was also performed on the data. This data was filtered two ways:
- Any wind speed data where the wind speed was less than 1 mph for 3 hours or more was deleted.
- Any wind direction data where the wind direction varied by less than 3 degrees over 8 hours was deleted
Windographer was then used to add in synthetic data to these intervals with suspect data. The Windographer files (with and without data validation) and the combined data files (with and without data validation) are given below:
Complete Wind Resource Summary
The tower was removed from the site on June 20, 2008. Highlights of the wind resource at this site for the entire measurement period are shown below:
Data Properties |
Variable |
Data Set Starts: |
12/26/2006 17:10 |
Height above ground (m) |
20 |
Data Set Ends: |
6/20/2008 10:40 |
Mean wind speed (mph) |
11.80 |
Data Set Duration: |
18 months |
Median wind speed (mph) |
10.70 |
Length of Time Step: |
10 minutes |
Min wind speed (mph) |
0.44 |
Elevation (ft.): |
9,676 |
Max wind speed (mph) |
54.5 |
Calm threshold (mph): |
0 |
Mean power density (W/m²) |
161 |
Wind Power Coefficients |
Mean energy content (kWh/m²/yr) |
1,413 |
Power Density at 50m: |
273 W/m² |
Energy pattern factor |
2.407 |
Wind Power Class: |
2 (Marginal) |
Weibull k |
1.620 |
Wind Shear Coefficients |
Weibull c (mph) |
13.16 |
Power Law Exponent: |
0.14 |
1-hr autocorrelation coefficient |
0.815 |
Surface Roughness: |
0.15 m |
Diurnal pattern strength |
0.169 |
Roughness Class: |
2.34 |
Hour of peak wind speed |
14 |
Roughness Description: |
Few trees |
Mean turbulence intensity |
0.228 |
Note: The wind power density and wind power class at 50m are projections of the data from 20m. A surface roughness of 0.15 meters was assumed for this projection. This is equal to that of an area with few trees. This value was then used this to calculate the roughness class and the power law exponent shown above.
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Standard deviation (mph) |
7.40 |
Coefficient of variation (%) |
62.8 |
Frequency of calms (%) |
0 |
Possible records |
78,009 |
Valid records |
77,199 |
Missing records |
810 |
Data recovery rate (%) |
99 |
Windographer was used to match up the wind at this site with the performance curves of some common turbines of various sizes and various heights, allowing for losses of about 13%. The table below shows the results. For the larger turbines, the tower height was increased to account for the larger turbine blades - the wind resource was extrapolated to these higher heights. Keep in mind that the larger and the higher the turbine, the better the wind and the greater the output. But of course, as the tower heights and turbine sizes increase so does the cost.
Turbine |
Rotor
Diameter
meters |
Rotor
Power
kW |
Hub
Height
meters |
Hub
Height
Wind
Speed
mph |
Time
At
Zero
Output
percent |
Time
At
Rated
Output
percent |
Average
Net
Power
Output
kW |
Average
Net
Energy
Output
kWh/yr |
Average
Net
Capacity
Factor
% |
Bergey Excel-R |
6.7 |
7.5 |
20 |
11.8 |
31.32 |
3.18 |
1.24 |
10,900 |
16.5 |
Bergey Excel-S |
6.7 |
10 |
20 |
11.8 |
17.82 |
1.67 |
1.35 |
11,800 |
13.5 |
Bergey XL.1 |
2.5 |
1 |
20 |
11.8 |
8.15 |
4.45 |
0.19 |
1,600 |
18.8 |
Southwest Skystream 3.7 |
3.7 |
1.8 |
20 |
11.8 |
27.39 |
0 |
0.33 |
2,900 |
18.2 |
Southwest Whisper 500 |
4.5 |
3 |
20 |
11.8 |
31.31 |
3.92 |
0.61 |
5,300 |
20.3 |
Northern Power NW 100/20 |
20 |
100 |
25 |
12.17 |
38.49 |
0 |
11.4 |
99,700 |
11.4 |
Vestas V47 - 660 kW |
47 |
660 |
65 |
13.91 |
24.09 |
0.66 |
123 |
1,080,600 |
18.7 |
GE 1.5s |
70.5 |
1,500 |
80.5 |
14.34 |
29.88 |
4.43 |
254 |
2,228,200 |
17.0 |
Vestas V80 - 2.0 MW |
80 |
2,000 |
100 |
14.78 |
28.01 |
2.44 |
416 |
3,646,600 |
20.8 |
GE 2.5xl |
100 |
2,500 |
110 |
14.98 |
22.34 |
5.45 |
584 |
5,112,500 |
23.3 |
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