LA
JUNTA
- 11/30/2012 to 3/25/2016
LOCATION
DETAILS |
Latitude: |
N 37° 52.992’ or N
37° 52’ 59.52" |
Longitude: |
W 103° 41.80’
or W
103° 41’ 48.0" |
Survey Meridian: |
Colorado, Sixth
Principal Meridian |
Township: |
25 S |
Range: |
56 W |
Section: |
8 |
Elevation: |
1,332 m (4,370 ft) |
Datum: |
WGS 84 |
Tower Type: |
Earth Turbines
Tilt-Up |
Tower Height: |
34 m (112 ft) |
Vane Offset (deg): |
+65° (built into
raw
data) |
Direction Basis: |
Magnetic North |
Mag. Declination: |
7.8963° changing
by
-0.1308°/yr |
Symphonie S/N: |
309020086 |
Site No.: |
3741 |
CSU ALP Install Team: Joel
Moritz, Torres Neuhoff, Chad Paulson, and Mike Kostrzewa
DATA
DETAILS
November 30, 2012 through March 25, 2016:
The
anemometer tower was installed on November 30, 2012. The site is
located in Otero County in a field near ranch buildings north of U.S.
Highway 350 about 10 miles SW of La Junta. The terrain is a rough
pasture, with good access to the wind from all directions. The land
rises slightly to the west and north. Ranch buildings are located about
275 feet NNE of the site, with corrals located just adjacent and east
of the site
Data is collected using
three (3) NRG #40C Calibrated Anemometers and one (1) NRG #200P Wind
Vane, as follows:
- Anemometers
- 34 m (111 feet) on an NRG 60" standard boom
- 34 m (111 feet) on an NRG 60" standard boom
- 20 m (65.6 feet) on an NRG 60" standard boom
- Wind Vane
- 35 m (114.8 feet) bearing 245 deg on an NRG
60" standard boom with the null point facing toward the tower
There is also a temperature sensor at a height of
1.8 m (6 feet) on a 6" boom.
All sensors feed into an
NRG Symphonie data logger. The certifications for the anemometers are
as follows:
NRG
#40C Calibrated Anemometers |
Anem. No. |
1 |
2 |
3 |
Height |
34 m |
34 m |
20 m |
Model No. |
1900 |
1900 |
1900 |
Serial No. |
1795-00183416 |
1795-00164536 |
1795-00183414 |
Calibration Date |
9/28/11 at 16:58:34 |
11/24/10 13:23 |
9/28/11 at 16:36:58 |
Slope |
0.763 m/s per Hz |
0.758 m/s per Hz |
0.764 m/s per Hz |
Offset |
0.37 m/s |
0.40 m/s |
0.39 m/s |
The
data logger generates wind reports for each day. Using the Symphonie
Data Retriever software, each day's data is complied into one large
data file. A zipped file that contains the NRG data files for all days are given below:
It is important to note
that these are the raw files include the offsets for the wind vanes so
no compensation is required.
Experienced
users may also wish to download the site file used to process the raw
data with the Symphonie Data Retriever software. You can find the site
file here.
From
the collected data, an analysis of the wind resource report was
developed for entire data collection period using Windographer 3.3.10.
Since the data set contains data for two or more wind speed sensors at
different heights above the ground, Windographer considered the wind
shear relationship between different wind speed sensors to extrapolate
the data to different heights. A best fit using the power law profile
was chosen to extrapolate the data.
Using this data, an
analysis of the wind resource report was developed and the data was
flagged for icing in two ways:
- Any
wind speed data (from any anemometer) where the wind speed was less
than 0.5 m/s at a temperature less than 0 degC for 3 hours or more was
flagged and ignored when calculating the wind resource statistics.
- Any
wind direction data where the wind direction varied by less than 3
degrees at a temperature less than 0 degC for 3 hours or more was
flagged
and ignored when calculating the wind resource statistics.
The
summary report, the combined data files, and the Windographer files
(with and without the data quality analysis) are given below:
Interim Wind Resource Summary
Highlights of the wind
resource to date at this site are shown below:
Data
Properties |
Data Set Starts: |
11/30/2012 15:20 MST |
Data Set Ends: |
3/25/2016 09:00 |
Data Set Duration: |
3.3 years |
Length of Time Step: |
10 minutes |
Elevation: |
1,332 m (4,370 ft) |
Mean air density
(kg/m2): |
1.061 |
Wind
Power Coefficients |
Power
Density at 50m: |
204
W/m2 |
Wind
Power Class: |
2
(Marginal) |
Wind
Shear Coefficients |
Power Law Exponent: |
0.176 |
Surface Roughness: |
0.0873 m |
Roughness Class: |
1.89 |
Roughness
Description: |
Agricultural land with some houses and 8 metre tall sheltering hedgerows with a distance of approx. 1,250 - 500 metres. |
Variable |
Height above ground |
|
|
20m
(65.2 ft.) |
10-min. Mean wind
speed (m/s) |
5.292 |
5.315 |
4.829 |
10-min Median wind
speed (m/s) |
4.85 |
4.86 |
4.39 |
10-min Standard
deviation (m/s) |
3.021 |
2.975 |
2.735 |
10-min Min. wind
speed (m/s) |
0.37 |
0.40 |
0.39 |
10-min Max wind
speed (m/s) |
26.64 |
26.11 |
24.46 |
Weibull k |
1.821 |
1.871 |
1.853 |
Weibull c (m/s) |
5.954 |
5.994 |
5.444 |
Mean power density
(W/m2) |
169 |
167 |
129 |
Mean energy content
(kWh/m2/yr) |
1,482 |
1,465 |
1,131 |
Mean turbulence
intensity |
2.173 |
2.122 |
2.187 |
Energy pattern factor |
0.17 |
0.16 |
0.18 |
Possible records |
174,346 |
174,346 |
174,346 |
Valid records |
165,095 |
165,345 |
165,462 |
Missing records |
9,251 |
9,001 |
8,884 |
Data recovery rate
(%) |
94.7 |
94.8 |
94.9 |
Vertical
Wind Shear, Height (m) vs Mean Wind Speed (m/s)
|
Wind
Frequency Rose at 34 meters
|
Wind
Energy Rose at 34 meters
|
Daily
Wind Speed Profile, Hourly Mean Wind Speed (m/s) vs. Hour of the Day
|
Seasonal
Wind Speed Profile, Monthly Mean Wind Speed (m/s) vs. Month
|
Probability
Distribution Function at 34m - Sensor A: Frequency (%) vs. Wind Speed
|
Probability
Distribution Function at 34m - Sensor B: Frequency (%) vs. Wind Speed
|
Probability
Distribution Function at 20m: Frequency (%) vs. Wind Speed |
Windographer
was used to match up the wind at this site with the performance curves
of some common turbines of various sizes and various heights. The table
below shows the results. For the larger turbines, the tower height was
increased to account for the larger turbine blades - the wind resource
was extrapolated to these higher heights. Keep in mind that the larger
and the higher the turbine, the better the wind and the greater the
output. But of course, as the tower heights and turbine sizes increase
so does the cost.
Keep in mind too
that listing a particular turbine doesn't imply an endorsement - not
does it imply that installing a particular turbine model is feasible or
recommended for a particular site. For consistency, the larger turbines
are included even at sites that where they may not be practical so that
one can compare the relative production of different sites.
Turbine |
Rotor
Diameter
meters |
Rotor
Power
kW |
Hub
Height
meters |
Hub
Height
Wind
Speed
m/s |
Time
At
Zero
Output
percent |
Time
At
Rated
Output
percent |
Average
Net
Power
Output
kW |
Average
Net
Energy
Output
kWh/yr |
Average
Net
Capacity
Factor
% |
Southwest AIR X - 45 ft tower |
|
|
13.7 |
4.51 |
40.1 |
0.0 |
0 |
155 |
4.4 |
Bergey XL.1 - 100 ft tower |
|
|
30.0 |
5.18 |
3.6 |
3.7 |
0.2 |
1,900 |
21.2 |
Southwest Skystream 3.7 - 45 foot tower |
|
|
13.7 |
4.51 |
30.6 |
3.4 |
0.3 |
2,600 |
16.3 |
Southwest Whisper 500 - 42 ft tower |
|
|
12.8 |
4.46 |
33.9 |
1.9 |
0.5 |
4,400 |
16.7 |
Endurance S-250 - 100 ft tower |
|
|
30.0 |
5.18 |
38.8 |
0.0 |
0.7 |
6,100 |
14.0 |
Bergey Excel-R - 100 ft tower |
|
|
30.0 |
5.18 |
26.2 |
2.6 |
1.4 |
12,200 |
18.5 |
Bergey Excel-S - 100 ft tower |
|
|
30.0 |
5.18 |
12.2 |
1.4 |
1.5 |
13,300 |
15.2 |
Endurance E-3120 - 100 ft tower |
|
|
30.0 |
5.18 |
23.9 |
0.0 |
12.5 |
109,400 |
22.7 |
Northern Power 100-21 - 121 ft tower |
|
|
37.0 |
5.40 |
10.5 |
0.0 |
17.4 |
152,800 |
17.5 |
GE
1.5-77 - 213 ft tower |
77 |
1,500 |
65.0 |
6.10 |
21.9 |
1.9 |
379.4 |
3,323,800 |
25.3 |
Vestas
V100 - 262 ft tower |
100 |
2,000 |
80.0 |
6.41 |
20.0 |
1.2 |
649.6 |
5,690,900 |
32.5 |
IMPORTANT:
No turbine losses are included in the power, energy, and capacity
factor values in the table. Typically, turbine losses can be 5-20% to
account for maintenance downtime, icing/soiling and losses from other
turbines in a wind farm. Users wanting to be conservative in the
performance projections should multiply the power, energy, and capacity
values by (1- % losses) to account for these losses.
|